Praktik Kerja Lapang (PKL) ini dilaksanakan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memenuhi tugas semester pada jenjang Strata 1 (S1) dan memberikan pengalaman nyata di dunia kerja. PKL ini memfokuskan pada pengujian standar mutu benih tanaman, yang esensial untuk mengetahui kualitas benih dan menjamin keberhasilan produksi tanaman. Pengujian mutu benih meliputi analisis kemurnian fisik, penetapan kadar air, dan uji daya kecambah benih. Lembaga yang melayani pengujian mutu benih tanaman perkebunan di Indonesia adalah Balai Besar Perbenihan dan Proteksi Tanaman Perkebunan (BBPPTP) Surabaya, sebuah unit pelaksana teknis di bawah Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan Kementerian Pertanian RI, yang laboratoriumnya telah terakreditasi KAN ISO/IEC 17025:2017. BBPPTP Surabaya berperan dalam mengawasi penyebaran benih dan memberikan perizinan benih tanaman perkebunan agar layak diperjualbelikan. Benih yang layak adalah benih yang telah lolos sertifikasi dari pengujian standar mutu benih. Indonesia, sebagai negara tropis, memiliki beragam tanaman perkebunan, termasuk tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.), yang merupakan tanaman musiman dengan nilai ekonomis tinggi, khususnya sebagai bahan baku rokok. Tujuan umum PKL ini adalah menambah wawasan, informasi, dan pengalaman praktik di bidang pertanian, memperoleh ilmu pengetahuan baru terkait kelembagaan pertanian, menjadi acuan pembelajaran dan penerapan di dunia kerja, serta melatih kedisiplinan, keterampilan, dan kemandirian. Tujuan khusus PKL ini adalah menguji mutu benih tembakau varietas Bojonegoro 1, dengan harapan menghasilkan produksi yang tinggi, bebas penyakit dan hama, serta memperoleh keterampilan dan pengalaman kerja di BBPPTP Surabaya. Sasaran kompetensi adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan wawasan baru serta memperoleh keterampilan dan kedisiplinan dalam penilaian mutu benih tanaman perkebunan. Penelitian ini menguji klasifikasi, morfologi, dan syarat tumbuh tanaman tembakau. Sertifikasi mutu benih dibahas sebagai proses pemberian sertifikasi atas perbanyakan, produksi, dan penyaluran benih sesuai peraturan yang ditetapkan oleh Departemen Pertanian, bertujuan melindungi keaslian varietas dan kemurnian genetik. Pengujian standar mutu benih secara rinci meliputi kemurnian fisik, kadar air, dan daya kecambah. Metode yang digunakan dalam PKL ini adalah observasi lapang, partisipasi aktif, diskusi, pengujian langsung di laboratorium, dan pengumpulan data primer serta sekunder. Pengujian mutu fisik benih melibatkan penetapan kadar air dan analisis kemurnian fisik, sementara uji fisiologis berupa uji daya berkecambah. Hasil dan pembahasan mencakup gambaran umum BBPPTP Surabaya, termasuk profil, letak, wilayah kerja, tugas dan fungsi, visi dan misi, sarana prasarana, serta struktur organisasi. Kemudian, laporan ini merinci hasil pengujian analisis kemurnian fisik, kadar air, dan daya berkecambah benih tembakau. Kesimpulan dan saran juga disajikan untuk memberikan rekomendasi berdasarkan temuan PKL. Kata kunci: Pengujian Mutu Benih; Benih Tembakau; Nicotiana tabacum L.; Varietas Bojonegoro 1; Balai Besar Perbenihan dan Proteksi Tanaman Perkebunan Surabaya; Sertifikasi Benih; Daya Kecambah; Kadar Air; Kemurnian Fisik


Deskripsi Lain

This Field Work Practice (PKL) was conducted a requirement for completing a semester assignment at the undergraduate level and to provide real-world work experience. This PKL focuses on testing the quality standards of plant seeds, which is essential for determining seed quality and ensuring successful crop production. Seed quality testing includes physical purity analysis, moisture content determination, and seed germination tests. The institution responsible for testing plantation crop seed quality in Indonesia is the Balai Besar Perbenihan dan Proteksi Tanaman Perkebunan (BBPPTP) Surabaya, a technical implementation unit under the Directorate General of Plantations of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia, whose laboratory is accredited with KAN ISO/IEC 17025:2017. BBPPTP Surabaya plays a role in overseeing seed distribution and providing permits for plantation crop seeds to be marketable throughout Indonesia. Qualified seeds are those that have passed certification from seed quality standard testing. Indonesia, a tropical country, has a variety of plantation crops, including tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), which is a seasonal plant with high economic value, especially a raw material for cigarette production. The general objectives of this PKL are to expand knowledge, information, and practical experience in agriculture, gain new scientific knowledge related to agricultural institutions, serve a reference for learning and application in the workplace, and train discipline, skills, and independence. The specific objectives of this PKL are to test the quality of Bojonegoro 1 tobacco seeds, with the expectation of achieving high production, being free from pests and diseases, and gaining skills and work experience at BBPPTP Surabaya. The competency targets are to enhance new knowledge and insights, well to acquire skills and discipline in evaluating the quality of plantation crop seeds. This research examines the classification, morphology, and growth requirements of tobacco plants. Seed quality certification is discussed a process of certifying seed propagation, production, and distribution in accordance with regulations set by the Ministry of Agriculture, aiming to protect varietal authenticity and genetic purity. Detailed seed quality standard testing includes physical purity, moisture content, and germination capacity. The methods used in this PKL include field observation, active participation, discussion, direct laboratory testing, and the collection of primary and secondary data. Physical seed quality testing involves determining moisture content and physical purity analysis, while physiological testing involves germination capacity tests. Results and discussion cover a general overview of BBPPTP Surabaya, including its profile, location, work area, duties and functions, vision and mission, facilities and infrastructure, and organizational structure. Furthermore, this report details the results of physical purity analysis, moisture content, and germination capacity tests for tobacco seeds. Conclusions and recommendations are also presented to provide recommendations based on the PKL findings. Keywords: Seed Quality Testing; Tobacco Seeds; Nicotiana tabacum L.; Bojonegoro 1 Variety; Surabaya Plantation Seed and Plant Protection Center; Seed Certification; Germination Capacity; Moisture Content; Physical Purity