Distribusi hibah pupuk gratis merupakan salah satu bentuk bantuan pemerintah yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian serta meringankan beban biaya produksi petani. Dalam pelaksanaannya, distribusi hibah harus dilakukan secara tepat sasaran, transparan, dan berkeadilan agar tujuan pemberian hibah dapat tercapai. Namun, berdasarkan hasil penelitian di Desa Woro Kecamatan Kepohbaru Kabupaten Bojonegoro, masih ditemukan adanya ketidaksesuaian dalam pembagian pupuk gratis sehingga menimbulkan persepsi ketidakadilan di kalangan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan distribusi hibah pupuk gratis di Desa Woro serta menganalisisnya berdasarkan perspektif fikih muamalah, khususnya mengenai rukun dan syarat hibah, ketentuan hibah dalam hukum positif, keadilan dalam Islam, dan akibat hukumnya.rnPenelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan penelitian lapangan (field research). Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan Kepala Desa Woro,ketua kelompok tani, penyuluh pertanian lapangan (PPL) dan petani penerima hibah pupuk gratis di Desa Woro, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui dokumentasi, peraturan perundang-undangan, buku, dan jurnal yang relevan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.rnHasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme distribusi hibah pupuk gratis telah dilaksanakan melalui tahapan pendataan, verifikasi, penetapan penerima, dan penyaluran pupuk sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku. Ditinjau dari perspektif fikih muamalah, pelaksanaan hibah telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat hibah sehingga sah dan menimbulkan akibat hukum berupa berpindahnya hak kepemilikan pupuk kepada penerima hibah. Akan tetapi, implementasi prinsip keadilan belum sepenuhnya optimal karena masih ditemukan ketidaksesuaian dalam penerapan prinsip amanah (al-amānah), kesetaraan (al-musāwāh), dan kejujuran (al-ṣidq), terutama adanya petani yang memiliki luas lahan sama tetapi menerima jumlah pupuk yang berbeda. Sementara itu, prinsip kemurnian (al-ikhlāṣ) telah terlaksana dengan baik karena tujuan program berorientasi pada kemaslahatan, yaitu membantu meringankan biaya produksi petani, meningkatkan hasil panen, dan mendukung ketahanan pangan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan pengawasan, akurasi pendataan, dan evaluasi mekanisme distribusi agar pelaksanaan hibah pupuk gratis dapat lebih adil, transparan, dan sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip fikih muamalah.


Deskripsi Lain

The distribution of free fertilizer grants is one of the government's assistance programs aimed at improving agricultural productivity and reducing farmers' production costs. In its implementation, the distribution of grants must be carried out in a targeted, transparent, and equitable manner to ensure that the objectives of the grant program are achieved. However, based on the findings of this study conducted in Woro Village, Kepohbaru District, Bojonegoro Regency, discrepancies were found in the distribution of free fertilizer, leading to perceptions of injustice among farmers. This study aims to examine the implementation of the distribution of free fertilizer grants in Woro Village and to analyze it from the perspective of fiqh muamalah, particularly in relation to the pillars and conditions of hibah, the provisions of grants under Indonesian positive law, the principles of justice in Islam, and their legal consequences.rnThis study employed a qualitative research method using a field research approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews with the Head of Woro Village, the head of the farmer group, the Agricultural Extension Officer (Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan/PPL), and farmers who received the free fertilizer grants. Secondary data were collected from documentation, statutory regulations, books, and relevant academic journals. Data were gathered through interviews, documentation, and library research, and subsequently analyzed using a descriptive qualitative method involving data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.rnThe findings indicate that the distribution mechanism of the free fertilizer grants has been implemented through the stages of data collection, verification, beneficiary determination, and fertilizer distribution in accordance with the applicable regulations. From the perspective of fiqh muamalah, the implementation of the grant has fulfilled the pillars and conditions of hibah, thereby rendering it legally valid and resulting in the transfer of ownership rights over the fertilizer to the beneficiaries. Nevertheless, the implementation of the Islamic principles of justice has not yet been fully optimized, inconsistencies were found in the application of the principles of trustworthiness (al-amānah), equality (al-musāwāh), and honesty (al-ṣidq), particularly in cases where farmers with the same land area received different quantities of fertilizer. Meanwhile, the principle of sincerity (al-ikhlāṣ) has been properly implemented, the program is genuinely intended to promote public welfare by reducing farmers' production costs, increasing agricultural yields, and supporting food security. Therefore, improvements in supervision, data accuracy, and evaluation of the distribution mechanism are necessary to ensure that the implementation of free fertilizer grants is more equitable, transparent, and consistent with the principles of fiqh muamalah.

• Distribusi Hibah Pupuk Gratis Bagi Petani: Tinjauan Fikih Muamalah tentang Keadilan, Syarat, dan Akibat Hukumnya (Studi di Desa Woro Kec. Kepohbaru Kab. Bojonegoro)