Kabupaten Gresik merupakan kawasan industri yang berpotensi mengalami pencemaran logam berat, termasuk timbal (Pb), sehingga dapat memengaruhi kualitas air laut sebagai bahan baku produksi garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam berat Pb pada setiap tahapan produksi garam metode tunnel, mengetahui kandungan Pb pada garam hasil produksi berdasarkan SNI 4435:2017, serta menganalisis perbedaan kadar Pb antar tahapan produksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Mei–Juni 2026 di tambak garam metode tunnel Desa Karangrejo, Gresik. Analisis kadar Pb pada sampel air dan garam dilakukan menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), sedangkan analisis statistik meliputi uji normalitas, homogenitas, One-Way ANOVA, dan uji lanjut Tukey HSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar Pb pada air mengalami penurunan bertahap dari 0,686 mg/L pada intake menjadi 0,101 mg/L pada crystallizer pond. Kadar Pb pada garam hasil produksi sebesar 0,062 mg/kg, sehingga masih berada di bawah batas maksimum cemaran Pb menurut SNI 4435:2017 sebesar 10 mg/kg. Hasil uji One-Way ANOVA menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kadar Pb yang signifikan antar tahapan produksi (p < 0,05). Penurunan kadar Pb diduga dipengaruhi oleh proses pemekatan air dan pengendapan logam selama tahapan produksi. Dengan demikian, metode tunnel mampu menghasilkan garam yang memenuhi persyaratan keamanan dari aspek cemaran logam berat Pb.


Deskripsi Lain

​Gresik Regency is an industrial area with the potential for heavy metal contamination, including lead (Pb), which may affect the quality of seawater used the raw material for salt production. This study aimed to determine the Pb content at each stage of the tunnel-method salt production process, evaluate the Pb content in the final salt product based on SNI 4435:2017, and analyze the differences in Pb concentration among production stages. The research was conducted from May to June 2026 at tunnel-method salt ponds in Karangrejo Village, Gresik. Lead concentrations in water and salt samples were analyzed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), while statistical analyses included the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, Levene's homogeneity test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test. The results showed that Pb concentrations in water gradually decreased from 0.686 mg/L at the intake to 0.101 mg/L at the crystallizer pond. The Pb concentration in the final salt product was 0.062 mg/kg, which was below the maximum allowable of 0.5 mg/kg specified in SNI 4435:2017. The One-Way ANOVA indicated a significant difference in Pb concentrations among the production stages (p < 0.05). The reduction in Pb concentration was presumed to be influenced by the concentration process of seawater and the deposition of heavy metals during salt production. Therefore, the tunnel method was able to produce salt that met the safety requirements regarding Pb heavy metal contamination.

• ANALISIS KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL PADA PROSES PRODUKSI GARAM METODE TUNNEL (STUDI KASUS: TAMBAK GARAM DI DESA KARANGREJO, GRESIK)